Empty VAST responses can be valid no-ad results
The VAST-2.0-root-has-ad-or-error rule was retired. A response containing only a<VAST> root can mean the server returned no ad. It is valid under the IAB VAST 2.0.1 schema and later VAST specifications.
If you expected an ad, check the tag server's targeting and fill. The XML itself does not need an <Ad> or <Error> child to report no fill.